Silicon
Description: | |
| Silicon is the most common metalloid. It has many industrial uses. It is the principal component of most semiconductor devices, most importantly integrated circuits or microchips. It is widely used in semiconductors because it remains a semiconductor at higher temperatures than the semiconductor germanium and because its native oxide is easily grown in a furnace and forms a good semiconductor/dielectric interface. In the form of silica and silicates, silicon forms useful glasses, cements, and ceramics. It is also a constituent of silicones, a class-name for various synthetic plastic substances made of silicon, oxygen, carbon and hydrogen, often confused with silicon itself. Silicon is an essential element in biology, although only tiny traces of it appear to be required by animals. It is much more important to the metabolism of plants, particularly many grasses, and silicic acid forms the basis of the striking array of protective shells of the microscopic diatoms. | |
Chemical Properties.
| Appearance | Grey lustrous solid or grey powder |
| Atomic Number | 14 |
| Atomic Weight | 28.0855 g/mol |
| Block | p |
| Boiling Point | 3265 °C |
| CAS Number | 7440-21-3 |
| Class | 4.1 |
| Crystal Structure | Diamond cubic |
| Density | 2.33 g/cm3 |
| EINECS Number | 231-130-8 |
| Electron Configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p63s2 3p2 |
| Group | 14 |
| Ionization Energy | 786.5 kJ/mol |
| Melting Point | 1414 °C |
| NFPA 704 | H-2,F-2,R-1,C-NA |
| Oxidation State | 4,3,2 ,1,-1,-2,-3,-4 |
| PG | 3 |
| Period | 3 |
| RTECS Number | VW0400000 |
| Symbol | Si |
No comments:
Post a Comment